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diff --git a/hugo/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt b/hugo/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c77f428 --- /dev/null +++ b/hugo/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2001 @@ +.. _faq: + +FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions +================================ + +Please have a look at our `Link section +<http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php>`_ on the official +phpMyAdmin homepage for in-depth coverage of phpMyAdmin's features and +or interface. + +.. _faqserver: + +Server +++++++ + +.. _faq1_1: + +1.1 My server is crashing each time a specific action is required or phpMyAdmin sends a blank page or a page full of cryptic characters to my browser, what can I do? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in your +:file:`config.inc.php` file and the ``zlib.output_compression`` directive to +``Off`` in your php configuration file. + +.. _faq1_2: + +1.2 My Apache server crashes when using phpMyAdmin. +--------------------------------------------------- + +You should first try the latest versions of Apache (and possibly MySQL). If +your server keeps crashing, please ask for help in the various Apache support +groups. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`faq1_1` + +.. _faq1_3: + +1.3 (withdrawn). +---------------- + +.. _faq1_4: + +1.4 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm displayed the error message: "The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of HTTP headers ...". +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You just forgot to read the *install.txt* file from the PHP +distribution. Have a look at the last message in this `PHP bug report #12061 +<http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=12061>`_ from the official PHP bug +database. + +.. _faq1_5: + +1.5 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm facing crashes and/or many error messages with the HTTP. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a known problem with the PHP :term:`ISAPI` filter: it's not so stable. +Please use instead the cookie authentication mode. + +.. _faq1_6: + +1.6 I can't use phpMyAdmin on PWS: nothing is displayed! +-------------------------------------------------------- + +This seems to be a PWS bug. Filippo Simoncini found a workaround (at +this time there is no better fix): remove or comment the ``DOCTYPE`` +declarations (2 lines) from the scripts :file:`libraries/Header.class.php` +and :file:`index.php`. + +.. _faq1_7: + +1.7 How can I GZip or Bzip a dump or a CSV export? It does not seem to work. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +These features are based on the ``gzencode()`` and ``bzcompress()`` +PHP functions to be more independent of the platform (Unix/Windows, +Safe Mode or not, and so on). So, you must have Zlib/Bzip2 support +(``--with-zlib`` and ``--with-bz2``). + +.. _faq1_8: + +1.8 I cannot insert a text file in a table, and I get an error about safe mode being in effect. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Your uploaded file is saved by PHP in the "upload dir", as defined in +:file:`php.ini` by the variable ``upload_tmp_dir`` (usually the system +default is */tmp*). We recommend the following setup for Apache +servers running in safe mode, to enable uploads of files while being +reasonably secure: + +* create a separate directory for uploads: :command:`mkdir /tmp/php` +* give ownership to the Apache server's user.group: :command:`chown + apache.apache /tmp/php` +* give proper permission: :command:`chmod 600 /tmp/php` +* put ``upload_tmp_dir = /tmp/php`` in :file:`php.ini` +* restart Apache + +.. _faq1_9: + +1.9 (withdrawn). +---------------- + +.. _faq1_10: + +1.10 I'm having troubles when uploading files with phpMyAdmin running on a secure server. My browser is Internet Explorer and I'm using the Apache server. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +As suggested by "Rob M" in the phpWizard forum, add this line to your +*httpd.conf*: + +.. code-block:: apache + + SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown + +It seems to clear up many problems between Internet Explorer and SSL. + +.. _faq1_11: + +1.11 I get an 'open\_basedir restriction' while uploading a file from the query box. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Since version 2.2.4, phpMyAdmin supports servers with open\_basedir +restrictions. However you need to create temporary directory and configure it +as :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']`. The uploaded files will be moved there, +and after execution of your :term:`SQL` commands, removed. + +.. _faq1_12: + +1.12 I have lost my MySQL root password, what can I do? +------------------------------------------------------- + +The MySQL manual explains how to `reset the permissions +<http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/resetting-permissions.html>`_. + +.. _faq1_13: + +1.13 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_14: + +1.14 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_15: + +1.15 I have problems with *mysql.user* column names. +---------------------------------------------------- + +In previous MySQL versions, the ``User`` and ``Password``columns were +named ``user`` and ``password``. Please modify your column names to +align with current standards. + +.. _faq1_16: + +1.16 I cannot upload big dump files (memory, HTTP or timeout problems). +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Starting with version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written and +these problems should not occur. If possible, upgrade your phpMyAdmin +to the latest version to take advantage of the new import features. + +The first things to check (or ask your host provider to check) are the +values of ``upload_max_filesize``, ``memory_limit`` and +``post_max_size`` in the :file:`php.ini` configuration file. All of these +three settings limit the maximum size of data that can be submitted +and handled by PHP. One user also said that ``post_max_size`` and +``memory_limit`` need to be larger than ``upload_max_filesize``. +There exist several workarounds if your upload is too big or your +hosting provider is unwilling to change the settings: + +* Look at the :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']` feature. This allows one to upload a file to the server + via scp, ftp, or your favorite file transfer method. PhpMyAdmin is + then able to import the files from the temporary directory. More + information is available in the :ref:`config` of this document. +* Using a utility (such as `BigDump + <http://www.ozerov.de/bigdump.php>`_) to split the files before + uploading. We cannot support this or any third party applications, but + are aware of users having success with it. +* If you have shell (command line) access, use MySQL to import the files + directly. You can do this by issuing the "source" command from within + MySQL: + + .. code-block:: mysql + + source filename.sql; + +.. _faq1_17: + +1.17 Which MySQL versions does phpMyAdmin support? +-------------------------------------------------- + +Since phpMyAdmin 3.0.x, only MySQL 5.0.1 and newer are supported. For +older MySQL versions, you need to use the latest 2.x branch. +phpMyAdmin can connect to your MySQL server using PHP's classic `MySQL +extension <http://php.net/mysql>`_ as well as the `improved MySQL +extension (MySQLi) <http://php.net/mysqli>`_ that is available in PHP +5.0. The latter one should be used unless you have a good reason not +to do so. When compiling PHP, we strongly recommend that you manually +link the MySQL extension of your choice to a MySQL client library of +at least the same minor version since the one that is bundled with +some PHP distributions is rather old and might cause problems see +:ref:`faq1_17a`. `MariaDB <http://mariadb.org/>`_ is also supported +(versions 5.1 and 5.2 were tested). + +.. versionchanged:: 3.5 + Since phpMyAdmin 3.5 `Drizzle <http://www.drizzle.org/>`_ is supported. + +.. _faq1_17a: + +1.17a I cannot connect to the MySQL server. It always returns the error message, "Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client" +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You tried to access MySQL with an old MySQL client library. The +version of your MySQL client library can be checked in your phpinfo() +output. In general, it should have at least the same minor version as +your server - as mentioned in :ref:`faq1_17`. This problem is +generally caused by using MySQL version 4.1 or newer. MySQL changed +the authentication hash and your PHP is trying to use the old method. +The proper solution is to use the `mysqli extension +<http://www.php.net/mysqli>`_ with the proper client library to match +your MySQL installation. Your chosen extension is specified in +:config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension']`. More +information (and several workarounds) are located in the `MySQL +Documentation <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/old-client.html>`_. + +.. _faq1_18: + +1.18 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_19: + +1.19 I can't run the "display relations" feature because the script seems not to know the font face I'm using! +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The :term:`TCPDF` library we're using for this feature requires some special +files to use font faces. Please refers to the `TCPDF manual +<http://www.tcpdf.org/>`_ to build these files. + +.. _faqmysql: + +1.20 I receive the error "cannot load MySQL extension, please check PHP Configuration". +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +To connect to a MySQL server, PHP needs a set of MySQL functions +called "MySQL extension". This extension may be part of the PHP +distribution (compiled-in), otherwise it needs to be loaded +dynamically. Its name is probably *mysql.so* or *php\_mysql.dll*. +phpMyAdmin tried to load the extension but failed. Usually, the +problem is solved by installing a software package called "PHP-MySQL" +or something similar. + +.. _faq1_21: + +1.21 I am running the CGI version of PHP under Unix, and I cannot log in using cookie auth. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +In :file:`php.ini`, set ``mysql.max_links`` higher than 1. + +.. _faq1_22: + +1.22 I don't see the "Location of text file" field, so I cannot upload. +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is most likely because in :file:`php.ini`, your ``file_uploads`` +parameter is not set to "on". + +.. _faq1_23: + +1.23 I'm running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a new table the table and column names are changed to lowercase! +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +This happens because the MySQL directive ``lower_case_table_names`` +defaults to 1 (``ON``) in the Win32 version of MySQL. You can change +this behavior by simply changing the directive to 0 (``OFF``): Just +edit your ``my.ini`` file that should be located in your Windows +directory and add the following line to the group [mysqld]: + +.. code-block:: ini + + set-variable = lower_case_table_names=0 + +Next, save the file and restart the MySQL service. You can always +check the value of this directive using the query + +.. code-block:: mysql + + SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lower_case_table_names'; + +.. _faq1_24: + +1.24 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_25: + +1.25 I am running Apache with mod\_gzip-1.3.26.1a on Windows XP, and I get problems, such as undefined variables when I run a SQL query. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +A tip from Jose Fandos: put a comment on the following two lines in +httpd.conf, like this: + +.. code-block:: apache + + + # mod_gzip_item_include file \.php$ + # mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php.*" + +as this version of mod\_gzip on Apache (Windows) has problems handling +PHP scripts. Of course you have to restart Apache. + +.. _faq1_26: + +1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error "No input file specified" when trying to run phpMyAdmin. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a permission problem. Right-click on the phpmyadmin folder and +choose properties. Under the tab Security, click on "Add" and select +the user "IUSR\_machine" from the list. Now set his permissions and it +should work. + +.. _faq1_27: + +1.27 I get empty page when I want to view huge page (eg. db\_structure.php with plenty of tables). +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This was caused by a `PHP bug <http://bugs.php.net/21079>`_ that occur when +GZIP output buffering is enabled. If you turn off it (by +:config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` in :file:`config.inc.php`), it should work. +This bug will has been fixed in PHP 5.0.0. + +.. _faq1_28: + +1.28 My MySQL server sometimes refuses queries and returns the message 'Errorcode: 13'. What does this mean? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +This can happen due to a MySQL bug when having database / table names +with upper case characters although ``lower_case_table_names`` is +set to 1. To fix this, turn off this directive, convert all database +and table names to lower case and turn it on again. Alternatively, +there's a bug-fix available starting with MySQL 3.23.56 / +4.0.11-gamma. + +.. _faq1_29: + +1.29 When I create a table or modify a column, I get an error and the columns are duplicated. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +It is possible to configure Apache in such a way that PHP has problems +interpreting .php files. + +The problems occur when two different (and conflicting) set of +directives are used: + +.. code-block:: apache + + + SetOutputFilter PHP + SetInputFilter PHP + +and + +.. code-block:: apache + + AddType application/x-httpd-php .php + +In the case we saw, one set of directives was in +``/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf``, while the other set was in +``/etc/httpd/conf/addon-modules/php.conf``. The recommended way is +with ``AddType``, so just comment out the first set of lines and +restart Apache: + +.. code-block:: apache + + + #SetOutputFilter PHP + #SetInputFilter PHP + +.. _faq1_30: + +1.30 I get the error "navigation.php: Missing hash". +---------------------------------------------------- + +This problem is known to happen when the server is running Turck +MMCache but upgrading MMCache to version 2.3.21 solves the problem. + +.. _faq1_31: + +1.31 Does phpMyAdmin support PHP 5? +----------------------------------- + +Yes. + +Since release 3.0 only PHP 5.2 and newer. For older PHP versions, use +phpMyAdmin 2.11.x. + +.. _faq1_32: + +1.32 Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS? +-------------------------------------------- + +Yes. This procedure was tested with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, PHP 4.3.9 in +:term:`ISAPI` mode under :term:`IIS` 5.1. + +#. In your :file:`php.ini` file, set ``cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0`` +#. In ``Web Site Properties -> File/Directory Security -> Anonymous + Access`` dialog box, check the ``Anonymous access`` checkbox and + uncheck any other checkboxes (i.e. uncheck ``Basic authentication``, + ``Integrated Windows authentication``, and ``Digest`` if it's + enabled.) Click ``OK``. +#. In ``Custom Errors``, select the range of ``401;1`` through ``401;5`` + and click the ``Set to Default`` button. + +.. seealso:: :rfc:`2616` + +.. _faq1_33: + +1.33 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_34: + +1.34 Can I access directly to database or table pages? +------------------------------------------------------ + +Yes. Out of the box, you can use :term:`URL` like http://server/phpMyAdmin/index.php?server=X&db=databas +e&table=table&target=script. For ``server`` you use the server number +which refers to the order of the server paragraph in +:file:`config.inc.php`. Table and script parts are optional. If you want +http://server/phpMyAdmin/database[/table][/script] :term:`URL`, you need to do some configuration. Following +lines apply only for `Apache <http://httpd.apache.org>`_ web server. +First make sure, that you have enabled some features within global +configuration. You need ``Options FollowSymLinks`` and ``AllowOverride +FileInfo`` enabled for directory where phpMyAdmin is installed and you +need mod\_rewrite to be enabled. Then you just need to create +following :term:`.htaccess` file in root folder of phpMyAdmin installation (don't +forget to change directory name inside of it): + +.. code-block:: apache + + + RewriteEngine On + RewriteBase /path_to_phpMyAdmin + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2&target=$3 [R] + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&target=$2 [R] + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2 [R] + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1 [R] + +.. _faq1_35: + +1.35 Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI? +--------------------------------------------------- + +Yes. However you need to pass authentication variable to :term:`CGI` using +following rewrite rule: + +.. code-block:: apache + + + RewriteEngine On + RewriteRule .* - [E=REMOTE_USER:%{HTTP:Authorization},L] + +.. _faq1_36: + +1.36 I get an error "500 Internal Server Error". +------------------------------------------------ + +There can be many explanations to this and a look at your server's +error log file might give a clue. + +.. _faq1_37: + +1.37 I run phpMyAdmin on cluster of different machines and password encryption in cookie auth doesn't work. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +If your cluster consist of different architectures, PHP code used for +encryption/decryption won't work correct. This is caused by use of +pack/unpack functions in code. Only solution is to use mcrypt +extension which works fine in this case. + +.. _faq1_38: + +1.38 Can I use phpMyAdmin on a server on which Suhosin is enabled? +------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Yes but the default configuration values of Suhosin are known to cause +problems with some operations, for example editing a table with many +columns and no primary key or with textual primary key. + +Suhosin configuration might lead to malfunction in some cases and it +can not be fully avoided as phpMyAdmin is kind of application which +needs to transfer big amounts of columns in single HTTP request, what +is something what Suhosin tries to prevent. Generally all +``suhosin.request.*``, ``suhosin.post.*`` and ``suhosin.get.*`` +directives can have negative effect on phpMyAdmin usability. You can +always find in your error logs which limit did cause dropping of +variable, so you can diagnose the problem and adjust matching +configuration variable. + +The default values for most Suhosin configuration options will work in +most scenarios, however you might want to adjust at least following +parameters: + +* `suhosin.request.max\_vars <http://www.hardened- + php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.request.max_vars>`_ should + be increased (eg. 2048) +* `suhosin.post.max\_vars <http://www.hardened- + php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.post.max_vars>`_ should be + increased (eg. 2048) +* `suhosin.request.max\_array\_index\_length <http://www.hardened-php.ne + t/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.request.max_array_index_length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 256) +* `suhosin.post.max\_array\_index\_length <http://www.hardened-php.net/s + uhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.post.max_array_index_length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 256) +* `suhosin.request.max\_totalname\_length <http://www.hardened-php.net/s + uhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.request.max_totalname_length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 8192) +* `suhosin.post.max\_totalname\_length <http://www.hardened-php.net/suho + sin/configuration.html#suhosin.post.max_totalname_length>`_ should be + increased (eg. 8192) +* `suhosin.get.max\_value\_length <http://www.hardened- + php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.get.max_value_length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 1024) +* `suhosin.sql.bailout\_on\_error <http://www.hardened- + php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.sql.bailout_on_error>`_ + needs to be disabled (the default) +* `suhosin.log.\* <http://www.hardened- + php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#logging_configuration>`_ should not + include :term:`SQL`, otherwise you get big + slowdown + +You can also disable the warning using the :config:option:`$cfg['SuhosinDisableWarning']`. + +.. _faq1_39: + +1.39 When I try to connect via https, I can log in, but then my connection is redirected back to http. What can cause this behavior? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Be sure that you have enabled ``SSLOptions`` and ``StdEnvVars`` in +your Apache configuration. + +.. seealso:: <http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_ssl.html#ssloptions> + +.. _faq1_40: + +1.40 When accessing phpMyAdmin via an Apache reverse proxy, cookie login does not work. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +To be able to use cookie auth Apache must know that it has to rewrite +the set-cookie headers. Example from the Apache 2.2 documentation: + +.. code-block:: apache + + + ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/ + ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/ + ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain backend.example.com public.example.com + ProxyPassReverseCookiePath / /mirror/foo/ + +Note: if the backend url looks like http://host/~user/phpmyadmin, the +tilde (~) must be url encoded as %7E in the ProxyPassReverse\* lines. +This is not specific to phpmyadmin, it's just the behavior of Apache. + +.. code-block:: apache + + + ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/~user/phpmyadmin + ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/%7Euser/phpmyadmin + ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /%7Euser/phpmyadmin /mirror/foo + +.. seealso:: <http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html> + +.. _faq1_41: + +1.41 When I view a database and ask to see its privileges, I get an error about an unknown column. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The MySQL server's privilege tables are not up to date, you need to +run the :command:`mysql_upgrade` command on the server. + +.. _faq1_42: + +1.42 How can I prevent robots from accessing phpMyAdmin? +-------------------------------------------------------- + +You can add various rules to :term:`.htaccess` to filter access based on user agent +field. This is quite easy to circumvent, but could prevent at least +some robots accessing your installation. + +.. code-block:: apache + + + RewriteEngine on + + # Allow only GET and POST verbs + RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !^(GET|POST)$ [NC,OR] + + # Ban Typical Vulnerability Scanners and others + # Kick out Script Kiddies + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^(java|curl|wget).* [NC,OR] + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(libwww-perl|curl|wget|python|nikto|wkito|pikto|scan|acunetix).* [NC,OR] + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(winhttp|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner).* [NC,OR] + + # Ban Search Engines, Crawlers to your administrative panel + # No reasons to access from bots + # Ultimately Better than the useless robots.txt + # Did google respect robots.txt? + # Try google: intitle:phpMyAdmin intext:"Welcome to phpMyAdmin *.*.*" intext:"Log in" -wiki -forum -forums -questions intext:"Cookies must be enabled" + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(AdsBot-Google|ia_archiver|Scooter|Ask.Jeeves|Baiduspider|Exabot|FAST.Enterprise.Crawler|FAST-WebCrawler|www\.neomo\.de|Gigabot|Mediapartners-Google|Google.Desktop|Feedfetcher-Google|Googlebot|heise-IT-Markt-Crawler|heritrix|ibm.com\cs/crawler|ICCrawler|ichiro|MJ12bot|MetagerBot|msnbot-NewsBlogs|msnbot|msnbot-media|NG-Search|lucene.apache.org|NutchCVS|OmniExplorer_Bot|online.link.validator|psbot0|Seekbot|Sensis.Web.Crawler|SEO.search.Crawler|Seoma.\[SEO.Crawler\]|SEOsearch|Snappy|www.urltrends.com|www.tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~crawler|SynooBot|crawleradmin.t-info@telekom.de|TurnitinBot|voyager|W3.SiteSearch.Crawler|W3C-checklink|W3C_Validator|www.WISEnutbot.com|yacybot|Yahoo-MMCrawler|Yahoo\!.DE.Slurp|Yahoo\!.Slurp|YahooSeeker).* [NC] + RewriteRule .* - [F] + +.. _faq1_43: + +1.43 Why can't I display the structure of my table containing hundreds of columns? +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Because your PHP's ``memory_limit`` is too low; adjust it in :file:`php.ini`. + +.. _faqconfig: + +Configuration ++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq2_1: + +2.1 The error message "Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already sent by ..." is displayed, what's the problem? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Edit your :file:`config.inc.php` file and ensure there is nothing (I.E. no +blank lines, no spaces, no characters...) neither before the ``<?php`` tag at +the beginning, neither after the ``?>`` tag at the end. We also got a report +from a user under :term:`IIS`, that used a zipped distribution kit: the file +:file:`libraries/Config.class.php` contained an end-of-line character (hex 0A) +at the end; removing this character cleared his errors. + +.. _faq2_2: + +2.2 phpMyAdmin can't connect to MySQL. What's wrong? +---------------------------------------------------- + +Either there is an error with your PHP setup or your username/password +is wrong. Try to make a small script which uses mysql\_connect and see +if it works. If it doesn't, it may be you haven't even compiled MySQL +support into PHP. + +.. _faq2_3: + +2.3 The error message "Warning: MySQL Connection Failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111) ..." is displayed. What can I do? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +For RedHat users, Harald Legner suggests this on the mailing list: + +On my RedHat-Box the socket of MySQL is */var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock*. +In your :file:`php.ini` you will find a line + +.. code-block:: ini + + mysql.default_socket = /tmp/mysql.sock + +change it to + +.. code-block:: ini + + mysql.default_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock + +Then restart apache and it will work. + +Here is a fix suggested by Brad Ummer: + +* First, you need to determine what socket is being used by MySQL. To do + this, telnet to your server and go to the MySQL bin directory. In this + directory there should be a file named *mysqladmin*. Type + ``./mysqladmin variables``, and this should give you a bunch of info + about your MySQL server, including the socket (*/tmp/mysql.sock*, for + example). +* Then, you need to tell PHP to use this socket. To do this in + phpMyAdmin, you need to complete the socket information in the + :file:`config.inc.php`. For example: + :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket']` Please also make sure that + the permissions of this file allow to be readable by your webserver (i.e. + '0755'). + +Have also a look at the `corresponding section of the MySQL +documentation <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/en/can-not-connect-to- +server.html>`_. + +.. _faq2_4: + +2.4 Nothing is displayed by my browser when I try to run phpMyAdmin, what can I do? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in the phpMyAdmin configuration +file. It helps sometime. Also have a look at your PHP version number: +if it contains "b" or "alpha" it means you're running a testing +version of PHP. That's not a so good idea, please upgrade to a plain +revision. + +.. _faq2_5: + +2.5 Each time I want to insert or change a row or drop a database or a table, an error 404 (page not found) is displayed or, with HTTP or cookie authentication, I'm asked to log in again. What's wrong? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Check the value you set for the :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive in the phpMyAdmin +configuration file. + +.. _faq2_6: + +2.6 I get an "Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using password: YES)"-error when trying to access a MySQL-Server on a host which is port-forwarded for my localhost. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When you are using a port on your localhost, which you redirect via +port-forwarding to another host, MySQL is not resolving the localhost +as expected. Erik Wasser explains: The solution is: if your host is +"localhost" MySQL (the command line tool :command:`mysql` as well) always +tries to use the socket connection for speeding up things. And that +doesn't work in this configuration with port forwarding. If you enter +"127.0.0.1" as hostname, everything is right and MySQL uses the +:term:`TCP` connection. + +.. _faqthemes: + +2.7 Using and creating themes +----------------------------- + +Themes are configured with :config:option:`$cfg['ThemePath']`, +:config:option:`$cfg['ThemeManager']` and :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeDefault']`. +Under :config:option:`$cfg['ThemePath']`, you should not delete the +directory ``pmahomme`` or its underlying structure, because this is the +system theme used by phpMyAdmin. ``pmahomme`` contains all images and +styles, for backwards compatibility and for all themes that would not +include images or css-files. If :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeManager']` +is enabled, you can select your favorite theme on the main page. Your selected +theme will be stored in a cookie. + +To create a theme: + +* make a new subdirectory (for example "your\_theme\_name") under :config:option:`$cfg['ThemePath']` (by + default ``themes``) +* copy the files and directories from ``pmahomme`` to "your\_theme\_name" +* edit the css-files in "your\_theme\_name/css" +* put your new images in "your\_theme\_name/img" +* edit :file:`layout.inc.php` in "your\_theme\_name" +* edit :file:`info.inc.php` in "your\_theme\_name" to contain your chosen + theme name, that will be visible in user interface +* make a new screenshot of your theme and save it under + "your\_theme\_name/screen.png" + +In theme directory there is file :file:`info.inc.php` which contains theme +verbose name, theme generation and theme version. These versions and +generations are enumerated from 1 and do not have any direct +dependence on phpMyAdmin version. Themes within same generation should +be backwards compatible - theme with version 2 should work in +phpMyAdmin requiring version 1. Themes with different generation are +incompatible. + +If you do not want to use your own symbols and buttons, remove the +directory "img" in "your\_theme\_name". phpMyAdmin will use the +default icons and buttons (from the system-theme ``pmahomme``). + +.. _faqmissingparameters: + +2.8 I get "Missing parameters" errors, what can I do? +----------------------------------------------------- + +Here are a few points to check: + +* In :file:`config.inc.php`, try to leave the :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive empty. See also + :ref:`faq4_7`. +* Maybe you have a broken PHP installation or you need to upgrade your + Zend Optimizer. See <http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134>. +* If you are using Hardened PHP with the ini directive + ``varfilter.max_request_variables`` set to the default (200) or + another low value, you could get this error if your table has a high + number of columns. Adjust this setting accordingly. (Thanks to Klaus + Dorninger for the hint). +* In the :file:`php.ini` directive ``arg_separator.input``, a value of ";" + will cause this error. Replace it with "&;". +* If you are using `Hardened-PHP <http://www.hardened-php.net/>`_, you + might want to increase `request limits <http://www.hardened- + php.net/hphp/troubleshooting.html>`_. +* The directory specified in the :file:`php.ini` directive + ``session.save_path`` does not exist or is read-only. + +.. _faq2_9: + +2.9 Seeing an upload progress bar +--------------------------------- + +To be able to see a progress bar during your uploads, your server must +have the `APC <http://pecl.php.net/package/APC>`_ extension, the +`uploadprogress <http://pecl.php.net/package/uploadprogress>`_ one, or +you must be running PHP 5.4.0 or higher. Moreover, the JSON extension +has to be enabled in your PHP. + +If using APC, you must set ``apc.rfc1867`` to ``on`` in your :file:`php.ini`. + +If using PHP 5.4.0 or higher, you must set +``session.upload_progress.enabled`` to ``1`` in your :file:`php.ini`. However, +starting from phpMyAdmin version 4.0.4, session-based upload progress has +been temporarily deactivated due to its problematic behavior. + +.. seealso:: :rfc:`1867` + +.. _faqlimitations: + +Known limitations ++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _login_bug: + +3.1 When using HTTP authentication, a user who logged out can not log in again in with the same nick. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is related to the authentication mechanism (protocol) used by +phpMyAdmin. To bypass this problem: just close all the opened browser +windows and then go back to phpMyAdmin. You should be able to log in +again. + +.. _faq3_2: + +3.2 When dumping a large table in compressed mode, I get a memory limit error or a time limit error. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Compressed dumps are built in memory and because of this are limited +to php's memory limit. For GZip/BZip2 exports this can be overcome +since 2.5.4 using :config:option:`$cfg['CompressOnFly']` (enabled by default). +Zip exports can not be handled this way, so if you need Zip files for larger +dump, you have to use another way. + +.. _faq3_3: + +3.3 With InnoDB tables, I lose foreign key relationships when I rename a table or a column. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is an InnoDB bug, see <http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=21704>. + +.. _faq3_4: + +3.4 I am unable to import dumps I created with the mysqldump tool bundled with the MySQL server distribution. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The problem is that older versions of ``mysqldump`` created invalid +comments like this: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + + -- MySQL dump 8.22 + -- + -- Host: localhost Database: database + --------------------------------------------------------- + -- Server version 3.23.54 + +The invalid part of the code is the horizontal line made of dashes +that appears once in every dump created with mysqldump. If you want to +run your dump you have to turn it into valid MySQL. This means, you +have to add a whitespace after the first two dashes of the line or add +a # before it: ``-- -------------------------------------------------------`` or +``#---------------------------------------------------------`` + +.. _faq3_5: + +3.5 When using nested folders, multiple hierarchies are displayed in a wrong manner. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Please note that you should not use the separating string multiple +times without any characters between them, or at the beginning/end of +your table name. If you have to, think about using another +TableSeparator or disabling that feature. + +.. seealso:: :config:option:`$cfg['NavigationTreeTableSeparator']` + +.. _faq3_6: + +3.6 What is currently not supported in phpMyAdmin about InnoDB? +--------------------------------------------------------------- + +In Relation view, being able to choose a table in another database, or +having more than one index column in the foreign key. In Query-by- +example (Query), automatic generation of the query LEFT JOIN from the +foreign table. + +.. _faq3_7: + +3.7 I have table with many (100+) columns and when I try to browse table I get series of errors like "Warning: unable to parse url". How can this be fixed? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must +use a long expression to identify this row. This causes problems to +parse\_url function. The workaround is to create a primary or unique +key. + +.. _faq3_8: + +3.8 I cannot use (clickable) HTML-forms in columns where I put a MIME-Transformation onto! +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Due to a surrounding form-container (for multi-row delete checkboxes), +no nested forms can be put inside the table where phpMyAdmin displays +the results. You can, however, use any form inside of a table if keep +the parent form-container with the target to tbl\_row\_delete.php and +just put your own input-elements inside. If you use a custom submit +input field, the form will submit itself to the displaying page again, +where you can validate the $HTTP\_POST\_VARS in a transformation. For +a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our `Link +section <http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php>`_ on the +official phpMyAdmin-homepage. + +.. _faq3_9: + +3.9 I get error messages when using "--sql\_mode=ANSI" for the MySQL server. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When MySQL is running in ANSI-compatibility mode, there are some major +differences in how :term:`SQL` is structured (see +<http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ansi-mode.html>). Most important of all, the +quote-character (") is interpreted as an identifier quote character and not as +a string quote character, which makes many internal phpMyAdmin operations into +invalid :term:`SQL` statements. There is no +workaround to this behaviour. News to this item will be posted in `Bug report +#1013 <https://sourceforge.net/p/phpmyadmin/bugs/1013/>`_. + +.. _faq3_10: + +3.10 Homonyms and no primary key: When the results of a SELECT display more that one column with the same value (for example ``SELECT lastname from employees where firstname like 'A%'`` and two "Smith" values are displayed), if I click Edit I cannot be sure that I am editing the intended row. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Please make sure that your table has a primary key, so that phpMyAdmin +can use it for the Edit and Delete links. + +.. _faq3_11: + +3.11 The number of rows for InnoDB tables is not correct. +--------------------------------------------------------- + +phpMyAdmin uses a quick method to get the row count, and this method only +returns an approximate count in the case of InnoDB tables. See +:config:option:`$cfg['MaxExactCount']` for a way to modify those results, but +this could have a serious impact on performance. + +.. _faq3_12: + +3.12 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_13: + +3.13 I get an error when entering ``USE`` followed by a db name containing an hyphen. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The tests I have made with MySQL 5.1.49 shows that the API does not +accept this syntax for the USE command. + +.. _faq3_14: + +3.14 I am not able to browse a table when I don't have the right to SELECT one of the columns. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This has been a known limitation of phpMyAdmin since the beginning and +it's not likely to be solved in the future. + +.. _faq3_15: + +3.15 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_16: + +3.16 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_17: + +3.17 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_18: + +3.18 When I import a CSV file that contains multiple tables, they are lumped together into a single table. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +There is no reliable way to differentiate tables in :term:`CSV` format. For the +time being, you will have to break apart :term:`CSV` files containing multiple +tables. + +.. _faq3_19: + +3.19 When I import a file and have phpMyAdmin determine the appropriate data structure it only uses int, decimal, and varchar types. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Currently, the import type-detection system can only assign these +MySQL types to columns. In future, more will likely be added but for +the time being you will have to edit the structure to your liking +post-import. Also, you should note the fact that phpMyAdmin will use +the size of the largest item in any given column as the column size +for the appropriate type. If you know you will be adding larger items +to that column then you should manually adjust the column sizes +accordingly. This is done for the sake of efficiency. + +.. _faqmultiuser: + +ISPs, multi-user installations +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq4_1: + +4.1 I'm an ISP. Can I setup one central copy of phpMyAdmin or do I need to install it for each customer? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Since version 2.0.3, you can setup a central copy of phpMyAdmin for all your +users. The development of this feature was kindly sponsored by NetCologne GmbH. +This requires a properly setup MySQL user management and phpMyAdmin +:term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`authentication_modes` + +.. _faq4_2: + +4.2 What's the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil access? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This depends on your system. If you're running a server which cannot be +accessed by other people, it's sufficient to use the directory protection +bundled with your webserver (with Apache you can use :term:`.htaccess` files, +for example). If other people have telnet access to your server, you should use +phpMyAdmin's :term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication features. + +Suggestions: + +* Your :file:`config.inc.php` file should be ``chmod 660``. +* All your phpMyAdmin files should be chown -R phpmy.apache, where phpmy + is a user whose password is only known to you, and apache is the group + under which Apache runs. +* Follow security recommendations for PHP and your webserver. + +.. _faq4_3: + +4.3 I get errors about not being able to include a file in */lang* or in */libraries*. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Check :file:`php.ini`, or ask your sysadmin to check it. The +``include_path`` must contain "." somewhere in it, and +``open_basedir``, if used, must contain "." and "./lang" to allow +normal operation of phpMyAdmin. + +.. _faq4_4: + +4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives "Access denied" when using HTTP authentication. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This could happen for several reasons: + +* :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']` and/or :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']` are wrong. +* The username/password you specify in the login dialog are invalid. +* You have already setup a security mechanism for the phpMyAdmin- + directory, eg. a :term:`.htaccess` file. This would interfere with phpMyAdmin's + authentication, so remove it. + +.. _faq4_5: + +4.5 Is it possible to let users create their own databases? +----------------------------------------------------------- + +Starting with 2.2.5, in the user management page, you can enter a +wildcard database name for a user (for example "joe%"), and put the +privileges you want. For example, adding ``SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, +DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER`` would let a user create/manage +his/her database(s). + +.. _faq4_6: + +4.6 How can I use the Host-based authentication additions? +---------------------------------------------------------- + +If you have existing rules from an old :term:`.htaccess` file, you can take them and +add a username between the ``'deny'``/``'allow'`` and ``'from'`` +strings. Using the username wildcard of ``'%'`` would be a major +benefit here if your installation is suited to using it. Then you can +just add those updated lines into the +:config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']` array. + +If you want a pre-made sample, you can try this fragment. It stops the +'root' user from logging in from any networks other than the private +network :term:`IP` blocks. + +.. code-block:: php + + + //block root from logging in except from the private networks + $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'deny,allow'; + $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] = array( + 'deny root from all', + 'allow root from localhost', + 'allow root from 10.0.0.0/8', + 'allow root from 192.168.0.0/16', + 'allow root from 172.16.0.0/12', + ); + +.. _faq4_7: + +4.7 Authentication window is displayed more than once, why? +----------------------------------------------------------- + +This happens if you are using a :term:`URL` to start phpMyAdmin which is +different than the one set in your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']`. For +example, a missing "www", or entering with an :term:`IP` address while a domain +name is defined in the config file. + +.. _faq4_8: + +4.8 Which parameters can I use in the URL that starts phpMyAdmin? +----------------------------------------------------------------- + +When starting phpMyAdmin, you can use the ``db``, ``pma_username``, +``pma_password`` and ``server`` parameters. This last one can contain +either the numeric host index (from ``$i`` of the configuration file) +or one of the host names present in the configuration file. Using +``pma_username`` and ``pma_password`` has been tested along with the +usage of 'cookie' ``auth_type``. + +.. _faqbrowsers: + +Browsers or client OS ++++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq5_1: + +5.1 I get an out of memory error, and my controls are non-functional, when trying to create a table with more than 14 columns. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +We could reproduce this problem only under Win98/98SE. Testing under +WinNT4 or Win2K, we could easily create more than 60 columns. A +workaround is to create a smaller number of columns, then come back to +your table properties and add the other columns. + +.. _faq5_2: + +5.2 With Xitami 2.5b4, phpMyAdmin won't process form fields. +------------------------------------------------------------ + +This is not a phpMyAdmin problem but a Xitami known bug: you'll face +it with each script/website that use forms. Upgrade or downgrade your +Xitami server. + +.. _faq5_3: + +5.3 I have problems dumping tables with Konqueror (phpMyAdmin 2.2.2). +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + +With Konqueror 2.1.1: plain dumps, zip and GZip dumps work ok, except +that the proposed file name for the dump is always 'tbl\_dump.php'. +Bzip2 dumps don't seem to work. With Konqueror 2.2.1: plain dumps +work; zip dumps are placed into the user's temporary directory, so +they must be moved before closing Konqueror, or else they disappear. +GZip dumps give an error message. Testing needs to be done for +Konqueror 2.2.2. + +.. _faq5_4: + +5.4 I can't use the cookie authentication mode because Internet Explorer never stores the cookies. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least +till version 6. + +.. _faq5_5: + +5.5 In Internet Explorer 5.0, I get JavaScript errors when browsing my rows. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Upgrade to at least Internet Explorer 5.5 SP2. + +.. _faq5_6: + +5.6 In Internet Explorer 5.0, 5.5 or 6.0, I get an error (like "Page not found") when trying to modify a row in a table with many columns, or with a text column. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must use a long +:term:`URL` to identify this row. There is a limit on the length of the +:term:`URL` in those browsers, and this not happen in Netscape, for example. +The workaround is to create a primary or unique key, or use another browser. + +.. _faq5_7: + +5.7 I refresh (reload) my browser, and come back to the welcome page. +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Some browsers support right-clicking into the frame you want to +refresh, just do this in the right frame. + +.. _faq5_8: + +5.8 With Mozilla 0.9.7 I have problems sending a query modified in the query box. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Looks like a Mozilla bug: 0.9.6 was OK. We will keep an eye on future +Mozilla versions. + +.. _faq5_9: + +5.9 With Mozilla 0.9.? to 1.0 and Netscape 7.0-PR1 I can't type a whitespace in the SQL-Query edit area: the page scrolls down. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a Mozilla bug (see bug #26882 at `BugZilla +<http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/>`_). + +.. _faq5_10: + +5.10 With Netscape 4.75 I get empty rows between each row of data in a CSV exported file. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a known Netscape 4.75 bug: it adds some line feeds when +exporting data in octet-stream mode. Since we can't detect the +specific Netscape version, we cannot workaround this bug. + +.. _faq5_11: + +5.11 Extended-ASCII characters like German umlauts are displayed wrong. +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Please ensure that you have set your browser's character set to the +one of the language file you have selected on phpMyAdmin's start page. +Alternatively, you can try the auto detection mode that is supported +by the recent versions of the most browsers. + +.. _faq5_12: + +5.12 Mac OS X Safari browser changes special characters to "?". +--------------------------------------------------------------- + +This issue has been reported by a :term:`Mac OS X` user, who adds that Chimera, +Netscape and Mozilla do not have this problem. + +.. _faq5_13: + +5.13 With Internet Explorer 5.5 or 6, and HTTP authentication type, I cannot manage two servers: I log in to the first one, then the other one, but if I switch back to the first, I have to log in on each operation. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a bug in Internet Explorer, other browsers do not behave this +way. + +.. _faq5_14: + +5.14 Using Opera6, I can manage to get to the authentication, but nothing happens after that, only a blank screen. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Please upgrade to Opera7 at least. + +.. _faq5_15: + +5.15 I have display problems with Safari. +----------------------------------------- + +Please upgrade to at least version 1.2.3. + +.. _faq5_16: + +5.16 With Internet Explorer, I get "Access is denied" Javascript errors. Or I cannot make phpMyAdmin work under Windows. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Please check the following points: + +* Maybe you have defined your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` setting in + :file:`config.inc.php` to an :term:`IP` address and you are starting phpMyAdmin + with a :term:`URL` containing a domain name, or the reverse situation. +* Security settings in IE and/or Microsoft Security Center are too high, + thus blocking scripts execution. +* The Windows Firewall is blocking Apache and MySQL. You must allow + :term:`HTTP` ports (80 or 443) and MySQL + port (usually 3306) in the "in" and "out" directions. + +.. _faq5_17: + +5.17 With Firefox, I cannot delete rows of data or drop a database. +------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Many users have confirmed that the Tabbrowser Extensions plugin they +installed in their Firefox is causing the problem. + +.. _faq5_18: + +5.18 With Konqueror 4.2.x an invalid ``LIMIT`` clause is generated when I browse a table. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This happens only when both of these conditions are met: using the +``http`` authentication mode and ``register_globals`` being set to +``On`` on the server. It seems to be a browser-specific problem; +meanwhile use the ``cookie`` authentication mode. + +.. _faq5_19: + +5.19 I get JavaScript errors in my browser. +------------------------------------------- + +Issues have been reported with some combinations of browser +extensions. To troubleshoot, disable all extensions then clear your +browser cache to see if the problem goes away. + +.. _faqusing: + +Using phpMyAdmin +++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq6_1: + +6.1 I can't insert new rows into a table / I can't create a table - MySQL brings up a SQL error. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Examine the :term:`SQL` error with care. +Often the problem is caused by specifying a wrong column-type. Common +errors include: + +* Using ``VARCHAR`` without a size argument +* Using ``TEXT`` or ``BLOB`` with a size argument + +Also, look at the syntax chapter in the MySQL manual to confirm that +your syntax is correct. + +.. _faq6_2: + +6.2 When I create a table, I set an index for two columns and phpMyAdmin generates only one index with those two columns. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is the way to create a multi-columns index. If you want two +indexes, create the first one when creating the table, save, then +display the table properties and click the Index link to create the +other index. + +.. _faq6_3: + +6.3 How can I insert a null value into my table? +------------------------------------------------ + +Since version 2.2.3, you have a checkbox for each column that can be +null. Before 2.2.3, you had to enter "null", without the quotes, as +the column's value. Since version 2.5.5, you have to use the checkbox +to get a real NULL value, so if you enter "NULL" this means you want a +literal NULL in the column, and not a NULL value (this works in PHP4). + +.. _faq6_4: + +6.4 How can I backup my database or table? +------------------------------------------ + +Click on a database or table name in the navigation panel, the properties will +be displayed. Then on the menu, click "Export", you can dump the structure, the +data, or both. This will generate standard :term:`SQL` statements that can be +used to recreate your database/table. You will need to choose "Save as file", +so that phpMyAdmin can transmit the resulting dump to your station. Depending +on your PHP configuration, you will see options to compress the dump. See also +the :config:option:`$cfg['ExecTimeLimit']` configuration variable. For +additional help on this subject, look for the word "dump" in this document. + +.. _faq6_5: + +6.5 How can I restore (upload) my database or table using a dump? How can I run a ".sql" file? +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Click on a database name in the navigation panel, the properties will +be displayed. Select "Import" from the list of tabs in the right–hand +frame (or ":term:`SQL`" if your phpMyAdmin +version is previous to 2.7.0). In the "Location of the text file" +section, type in the path to your dump filename, or use the Browse +button. Then click Go. With version 2.7.0, the import engine has been +re–written, if possible it is suggested that you upgrade to take +advantage of the new features. For additional help on this subject, +look for the word "upload" in this document. + +.. _faq6_6: + +6.6 How can I use the relation table in Query-by-example? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +Here is an example with the tables persons, towns and countries, all +located in the database mydb. If you don't have a ``pma__relation`` +table, create it as explained in the configuration section. Then +create the example tables: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + + CREATE TABLE REL_countries ( + country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '', + description varchar(10) NOT NULL default '', + PRIMARY KEY (country_code) + ) TYPE=MyISAM; + + INSERT INTO REL_countries VALUES ('C', 'Canada'); + + CREATE TABLE REL_persons ( + id tinyint(4) NOT NULL auto_increment, + person_name varchar(32) NOT NULL default '', + town_code varchar(5) default '0', + country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '', + PRIMARY KEY (id) + ) TYPE=MyISAM; + + INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (11, 'Marc', 'S', ''); + INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (15, 'Paul', 'S', 'C'); + + CREATE TABLE REL_towns ( + town_code varchar(5) NOT NULL default '0', + description varchar(30) NOT NULL default '', + PRIMARY KEY (town_code) + ) TYPE=MyISAM; + + INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('S', 'Sherbrooke'); + INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('M', 'Montréal'); + +To setup appropriate links and display information: + +* on table "REL\_persons" click Structure, then Relation view +* in Links, for "town\_code" choose "REL\_towns->code" +* in Links, for "country\_code" choose "REL\_countries->country\_code" +* on table "REL\_towns" click Structure, then Relation view +* in "Choose column to display", choose "description" +* repeat the two previous steps for table "REL\_countries" + +Then test like this: + +* Click on your db name in the navigation panel +* Choose "Query" +* Use tables: persons, towns, countries +* Click "Update query" +* In the columns row, choose persons.person\_name and click the "Show" + tickbox +* Do the same for towns.description and countries.descriptions in the + other 2 columns +* Click "Update query" and you will see in the query box that the + correct joins have been generated +* Click "Submit query" + +.. _faqdisplay: + +6.7 How can I use the "display column" feature? +----------------------------------------------- + +Starting from the previous example, create the ``pma__table_info`` as +explained in the configuration section, then browse your persons +table, and move the mouse over a town code or country code. See also +:ref:`faq6_21` for an additional feature that "display column" +enables: drop-down list of possible values. + +.. _faqpdf: + +6.8 How can I produce a PDF schema of my database? +-------------------------------------------------- + +First the configuration variables "relation", "table\_coords" and +"pdf\_pages" have to be filled in. Then you need to think about your +schema layout. Which tables will go on which pages? + +* Select your database in the navigation panel. +* Choose "Operations" in the navigation bar at the top. +* Choose "Edit :term:`PDF` Pages" near the + bottom of the page. +* Enter a name for the first :term:`PDF` page + and click Go. If you like, you can use the "automatic layout," which + will put all your linked tables onto the new page. +* Select the name of the new page (making sure the Edit radio button is + selected) and click Go. +* Select a table from the list, enter its coordinates and click Save. + Coordinates are relative; your diagram will be automatically scaled to + fit the page. When initially placing tables on the page, just pick any + coordinates -- say, 50x50. After clicking Save, you can then use the + :ref:`wysiwyg` to position the element correctly. +* When you'd like to look at your :term:`PDF`, first be sure to click the Save + button beneath the list of tables and coordinates, to save any changes you + made there. Then scroll all the way down, select the :term:`PDF` options you + want, and click Go. +* Internet Explorer for Windows may suggest an incorrect filename when + you try to save a generated :term:`PDF`. + When saving a generated :term:`PDF`, be + sure that the filename ends in ".pdf", for example "schema.pdf". + Browsers on other operating systems, and other browsers on Windows, do + not have this problem. + +.. _faq6_9: + +6.9 phpMyAdmin is changing the type of one of my columns! +--------------------------------------------------------- + +No, it's MySQL that is doing `silent column type changing +<http://dev.mysql.com/doc/en/silent-column-changes.html>`_. + +.. _underscore: + +6.10 When creating a privilege, what happens with underscores in the database name? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +If you do not put a backslash before the underscore, this is a +wildcard grant, and the underscore means "any character". So, if the +database name is "john\_db", the user would get rights to john1db, +john2db ... If you put a backslash before the underscore, it means +that the database name will have a real underscore. + +.. _faq6_11: + +6.11 What is the curious symbol ø in the statistics pages? +---------------------------------------------------------- + +It means "average". + +.. _faqexport: + +6.12 I want to understand some Export options. +---------------------------------------------- + +**Structure:** + +* "Add DROP TABLE" will add a line telling MySQL to `drop the table + <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/drop-table.html>`_, if it already + exists during the import. It does NOT drop the table after your + export, it only affects the import file. +* "If Not Exists" will only create the table if it doesn't exist. + Otherwise, you may get an error if the table name exists but has a + different structure. +* "Add AUTO\_INCREMENT value" ensures that AUTO\_INCREMENT value (if + any) will be included in backup. +* "Enclose table and column names with backquotes" ensures that column + and table names formed with special characters are protected. +* "Add into comments" includes column comments, relations, and MIME + types set in the pmadb in the dump as :term:`SQL` comments + (*/\* xxx \*/*). + +**Data:** + +* "Complete inserts" adds the column names on every INSERT command, for + better documentation (but resulting file is bigger). +* "Extended inserts" provides a shorter dump file by using only once the + INSERT verb and the table name. +* "Delayed inserts" are best explained in the `MySQL manual - INSERT DELAYED Syntax + <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert-delayed.html>`_. +* "Ignore inserts" treats errors as a warning instead. Again, more info + is provided in the `MySQL manual - INSERT Syntax + <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert.html>`_, but basically with + this selected, invalid values are adjusted and inserted rather than + causing the entire statement to fail. + +.. _faq6_13: + +6.13 I would like to create a database with a dot in its name. +-------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a bad idea, because in MySQL the syntax "database.table" is +the normal way to reference a database and table name. Worse, MySQL +will usually let you create a database with a dot, but then you cannot +work with it, nor delete it. + +.. _faqsqlvalidator: + +6.14 How do I set up the SQL Validator? +--------------------------------------- + +To use SQL Validator, you need PHP with :term:`XML`, :term:`PCRE` and +:term:`PEAR` support. In addition you need a :term:`SOAP` support, either as a +PHP extension or as a PEAR SOAP module. + +To install :term:`PEAR` :term:`SOAP` module, run :command:`pear install +Net_Socket Net_URL HTTP_Request Mail_Mime Net_DIME SOAP` to get the necessary +:term:`PEAR` modules for usage. + +If you use the Validator, you should be aware that any :term:`SQL` statement +you submit will be stored anonymously (database/table/column names, strings, +numbers replaced with generic values). The Mimer :term:`SQL` Validator itself, +is © 2001 Upright Database Technology. We utilize it as free SOAP service. + +.. _faq6_15: + +6.15 I want to add a BLOB column and put an index on it, but MySQL says "BLOB column '...' used in key specification without a key length". +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The right way to do this, is to create the column without any indexes, +then display the table structure and use the "Create an index" dialog. +On this page, you will be able to choose your BLOB column, and set a +size to the index, which is the condition to create an index on a BLOB +column. + +.. _faq6_16: + +6.16 How can I simply move in page with plenty editing fields? +-------------------------------------------------------------- + +You can use :kbd:`Ctrl+arrows` (:kbd:`Option+Arrows` in Safari) for moving on +most pages with many editing fields (table structure changes, row editing, +etc.). + +.. _faq6_17: + +6.17 Transformations: I can't enter my own mimetype! WTF is this feature then useful for? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Slow down :). Defining mimetypes is of no use, if you can't put +transformations on them. Otherwise you could just put a comment on the +column. Because entering your own mimetype will cause serious syntax +checking issues and validation, this introduces a high-risk false- +user-input situation. Instead you have to initialize mimetypes using +functions or empty mimetype definitions. + +Plus, you have a whole overview of available mimetypes. Who knows all those +mimetypes by heart so he/she can enter it at will? + +.. _faqbookmark: + +6.18 Bookmarks: Where can I store bookmarks? Why can't I see any bookmarks below the query box? What is this variable for? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Any query you have executed can be stored as a bookmark on the page +where the results are displayed. You will find a button labeled +'Bookmark this query' just at the end of the page. As soon as you have +stored a bookmark, it is related to the database you run the query on. +You can now access a bookmark dropdown on each page, the query box +appears on for that database. + +You can also have, inside the query, a placeholder for a variable. +This is done by inserting into the query a SQL comment between ``/*`` and +``*/``. Inside the comment, the special string ``[VARIABLE]`` is used. +Be aware that the whole query minus the SQL comment must be +valid by itself, otherwise you won't be able to store it as a bookmark. + +When you execute the bookmark, everything typed into the *value* +input box on the query box page will replace the string ``/*[VARIABLE]*/`` in +your stored query. + +Also remember, that everything else inside the ``/*[VARIABLE]*/`` string for +your query will remain the way it is, but will be stripped of the ``/**/`` +chars. So you can use: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + /*, [VARIABLE] AS myname */ + +which will be expanded to + +.. code-block:: mysql + + , VARIABLE as myname + +in your query, where VARIABLE is the string you entered in the input box. If an +empty string is provided, no replacements are made. + +A more complex example. Say you have stored +this query: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 /* AND Name LIKE '%[VARIABLE]%' */ + +Say, you now enter "phpMyAdmin" as the variable for the stored query, the full +query will be: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 AND Name LIKE '%phpMyAdmin%' + +You can use multiple occurrences of ``/*[VARIABLE]*/`` in a single query +(that is, multiple occurrences of the *same* variable). + +**NOTE THE ABSENCE OF SPACES** inside the ``/**/`` construct. Any spaces +inserted there will be later also inserted as spaces in your query and may lead +to unexpected results especially when using the variable expansion inside of a +"LIKE ''" expression. + +Your initial query which is going to be stored as a bookmark has to yield at +least one result row so you can store the bookmark. You may have that to work +around using well positioned ``/**/`` comments. + +.. _faq6_19: + +6.19 How can I create simple LATEX document to include exported table? +---------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You can simply include table in your LATEX documents, +minimal sample document should look like following one (assuming you +have table exported in file :file:`table.tex`): + +.. code-block:: latex + + + \documentclass{article} % or any class you want + \usepackage{longtable} % for displaying table + \begin{document} % start of document + \include{table} % including exported table + \end{document} % end of document + +.. _faq6_20: + +6.20 I see a lot of databases which are not mine, and cannot access them. +------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You have one of these global privileges: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, SHOW +DATABASES, LOCK TABLES. Those privileges also enable users to see all the +database names. So if your users do not need those privileges, you can remove +them and their databases list will shorten. + +.. seealso:: <http://bugs.mysql.com/179> + +.. _faq6_21: + +6.21 In edit/insert mode, how can I see a list of possible values for a column, based on some foreign table? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +You have to setup appropriate links between the tables, and also setup +the "display column" in the foreign table. See :ref:`faq6_6` for an +example. Then, if there are 100 values or less in the foreign table, a +drop-down list of values will be available. You will see two lists of +values, the first list containing the key and the display column, the +second list containing the display column and the key. The reason for +this is to be able to type the first letter of either the key or the +display column. For 100 values or more, a distinct window will appear, +to browse foreign key values and choose one. To change the default +limit of 100, see :config:option:`$cfg['ForeignKeyMaxLimit']`. + + +.. _faq6_22: + +6.22 Bookmarks: Can I execute a default bookmark automatically when entering Browse mode for a table? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Yes. If a bookmark has the same label as a table name and it's not a +public bookmark, it will be executed. + +.. _faq6_23: + +6.23 Export: I heard phpMyAdmin can export Microsoft Excel files? +----------------------------------------------------------------- + +You can use :term:`CSV` for Microsoft Excel, +which works out of the box. + +.. versionchanged:: 3.4.5 + Since phpMyAdmin 3.4.5 support for direct export to Microsoft Excel version + 97 and newer was dropped. + +.. _faq6_24: + +6.24 Now that phpMyAdmin supports native MySQL 4.1.x column comments, what happens to my column comments stored in pmadb? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Automatic migration of a table's pmadb-style column comments to the +native ones is done whenever you enter Structure page for this table. + +.. _faq6_25: + +6.25 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq6_26: + +6.26 How can I select a range of rows? +-------------------------------------- + +Click the first row of the range, hold the shift key and click the +last row of the range. This works everywhere you see rows, for example +in Browse mode or on the Structure page. + +.. _faq6_27: + +6.27 What format strings can I use? +----------------------------------- + +In all places where phpMyAdmin accepts format strings, you can use +``@VARIABLE@`` expansion and `strftime <http://php.net/strftime>`_ +format strings. The expanded variables depend on a context (for +example, if you haven't chosen a table, you can not get the table +name), but the following variables can be used: + +``@HTTP_HOST@`` + HTTP host that runs phpMyAdmin +``@SERVER@`` + MySQL server name +``@VERBOSE@`` + Verbose MySQL server name as defined in :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']` +``@VSERVER@`` + Verbose MySQL server name if set, otherwise normal +``@DATABASE@`` + Currently opened database +``@TABLE@`` + Currently opened table +``@COLUMNS@`` + Columns of the currently opened table +``@PHPMYADMIN@`` + phpMyAdmin with version + +.. _wysiwyg: + +6.28 How can I easily edit relational schema for export? +-------------------------------------------------------- + +By clicking on the button 'toggle scratchboard' on the page where you +edit x/y coordinates of those elements you can activate a scratchboard +where all your elements are placed. By clicking on an element, you can +move them around in the pre-defined area and the x/y coordinates will +get updated dynamically. Likewise, when entering a new position +directly into the input field, the new position in the scratchboard +changes after your cursor leaves the input field. + +You have to click on the 'OK'-button below the tables to save the new +positions. If you want to place a new element, first add it to the +table of elements and then you can drag the new element around. + +By changing the paper size and the orientation you can change the size +of the scratchboard as well. You can do so by just changing the +dropdown field below, and the scratchboard will resize automatically, +without interfering with the current placement of the elements. + +If ever an element gets out of range you can either enlarge the paper +size or click on the 'reset' button to place all elements below each +other. + +.. _faq6_29: + +6.29 Why can't I get a chart from my query result table? +-------------------------------------------------------- + +Not every table can be put to the chart. Only tables with one, two or +three columns can be visualised as a chart. Moreover the table must be +in a special format for chart script to understand it. Currently +supported formats can be found in the `wiki <http://wiki.phpmyadmin.ne +t/pma/Charts#Data_formats_for_query_results_chart>`_. + +.. _faq6_30: + +6.30 Import: How can I import ESRI Shapefiles +--------------------------------------------- + +An ESRI Shapefile is actually a set of several files, where .shp file +contains geometry data and .dbf file contains data related to those +geometry data. To read data from .dbf file you need to have PHP +compiled with the dBase extension (--enable-dbase). Otherwise only +geometry data will be imported. + +To upload these set of files you can use either of the following +methods: + +Configure upload directory with :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']`, upload both .shp and .dbf files with +the same filename and chose the .shp file from the import page. + +Create a Zip archive with .shp and .dbf files and import it. For this +to work, you need to set :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']` to a place where the web server user can +write (for example ``'./tmp'``). + +To create the temporary directory on a UNIX-based system, you can do: + +.. code-block:: sh + + cd phpMyAdmin + mkdir tmp + chmod o+rwx tmp + +.. _faq6_31: + +6.31 How do I create a relation in designer? +-------------------------------------------- + +To select relation, click: The display column is shown in pink. To +set/unset a column as the display column, click the "Choose column to +display" icon, then click on the appropriate column name. + +.. _faq6_32: + +6.32 How can I use the zoom search feature? +------------------------------------------- + +The Zoom search feature is an alternative to table search feature. It allows +you to explore a table by representing its data in a scatter plot. You can +locate this feature by selecting a table and clicking the :guilabel:`Search` +tab. One of the sub-tabs in the :guilabel:`Table Search` page is +:guilabel:`Zoom Search`. + +Consider the table REL\_persons in :ref:`faq6_6` for +an example. To use zoom search, two columns need to be selected, for +example, id and town\_code. The id values will be represented on one +axis and town\_code values on the other axis. Each row will be +represented as a point in a scatter plot based on its id and +town\_code. You can include two additional search criteria apart from +the two fields to display. + +You can choose which field should be +displayed as label for each point. If a display column has been set +for the table (see :ref:`faqdisplay`), it is taken as the label unless +you specify otherwise. You can also select the maximum number of rows +you want to be displayed in the plot by specifing it in the 'Max rows +to plot' field. Once you have decided over your criteria, click 'Go' +to display the plot. + +After the plot is generated, you can use the +mousewheel to zoom in and out of the plot. In addition, panning +feature is enabled to navigate through the plot. You can zoom-in to a +certail level of detail and use panning to locate your area of +interest. Clicking on a point opens a dialogue box, displaying field +values of the data row represented by the point. You can edit the +values if required and click on submit to issue an update query. Basic +instructions on how to use can be viewed by clicking the 'How to use?' +link located just above the plot. + +.. _faq6_33: + +6.33 When browsing a table, how can I copy a column name? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +Selecting the name of the column within the browse table header cell +for copying is difficult, as the columns support reordering by +dragging the header cells as well as sorting by clicking on the linked +column name. To copy a column name, double-click on the empty area +next to the column name, when the tooltip tells you to do so. This +will show you an input box with the column name. You may right-click +the column name within this input box to copy it to your clipboard. + +.. _faqproject: + +phpMyAdmin project +++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq7_1: + +7.1 I have found a bug. How do I inform developers? +--------------------------------------------------- + +Our Bug Tracker is located at <http://sf.net/projects/phpmyadmin/> under the +Bugs section. But please first discuss your bug with other users: +<https://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/forums>. + +.. _faq7_2: + +7.2 I want to translate the messages to a new language or upgrade an existing language, where do I start? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Translations are very welcome and all you need to have are the +language skills. The easiest way is to use our `online translation +service <https://l10n.cihar.com/projects/phpmyadmin/>`_. You can check +out all the possibilities to translate in the `translate section on +our website <http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/translate.php>`_. + +.. _faq7_3: + +7.3 I would like to help out with the development of phpMyAdmin. How should I proceed? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +We welcome every contribution to the development of phpMyAdmin. You +can check out all the possibilities to contribute in the `contribute +section on our website +<http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/improve.php>`_. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`developers` + +.. _faqsecurity: + +Security +++++++++ + +.. _faq8_1: + +8.1 Where can I get information about the security alerts issued for phpMyAdmin? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Please refer to <http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/security.php>. + +.. _faq8_2: + +8.2 How can I protect phpMyAdmin against brute force attacks? +------------------------------------------------------------- + +If you use Apache web server, phpMyAdmin exports information about +authentication to the Apache environment and it can be used in Apache +logs. Currently there are two variables available: + + +``userID`` + User name of currently active user (he does not have to be logged in). +``userStatus`` + Status of currently active user, one of ``ok`` (user is logged in), + ``mysql-denied`` (MySQL denied user login), ``allow-denied`` (user denied + by allow/deny rules), ``root-denied`` (root is denied in configuration), + ``empty-denied`` (empty password is denied). + +``LogFormat`` directive for Apache can look like following: + +.. code-block:: apache + + LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %{userID}n %{userStatus}n" pma_combined + +You can then use any log analyzing tools to detect possible break-in +attempts. + +.. _faqsynchronization: + +Synchronization ++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq9_1: + +9.1 (withdrawn). +---------------- + +.. _faq9_2: + +9.2 (withdrawn). +---------------- + |